口腔扁平苔藓中的T细胞免疫病理异质性研究现状

doi:10.12337/zgkqjxjyzz.2025.06.002

中国口腔医学继续教育杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (6): 384-392.DOI: 10.12337/zgkqjxjyzz.2025.06.002

口腔扁平苔藓中的T细胞免疫病理异质性研究现状

孙齐瞻, 王宇峰^*

上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院口腔黏膜病科,上海交通大学口腔医学院,国家口腔医学中心,口腔疾病国家临床医学研究中心,上海市口腔医学重点实验室,上海市口腔医学研究所

出版日期:2025-11-30 发布日期:2025-11-30
通讯作者: ^*王宇峰,联系方式：021-23271699,电子邮箱：wangyf1701@sh9hospital.org.cn,通讯地址：上海市黄浦区制造局路639号,200011
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（项目编号：NSFC82270976）;上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院学科特色疾病样本库（项目编号：YBK202503）

Research Status on T-cell Phenotypes and Immunopathological Heterogeneity in Oral Lichen Planus

Qizhan Sun, Yufeng Wang^*

Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology

Online:2025-11-30 Published:2025-11-30
Contact: Yufeng Wang. Tel: 021-23271699. Email: wangyf1701@sh9hospital.org.cn. Address: No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China.
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China（No.82270976）,Project of Biobank(YBK202503)Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 口腔扁平苔藓（oral lichen planus,OLP）是一种主要由T淋巴细胞介导的慢性口腔黏膜免疫紊乱疾病。本文综述了OLP的免疫病理机制,重点阐述了从CD4⁺T细胞亚群失衡到CD8⁺ T细胞介导的组织损伤这一核心免疫通路,并获得药理学证据的支持。现有研究表明,不同OLP患者的病损局部存在CD4⁺ T细胞亚群如1型辅助性T细胞（Type 1 T helper cell,Th1）、2型辅助性T细胞（Type 2 T helper cell,Th2）、17型辅助性T细胞（Type 17 T helper cell,Th17）、调节性 T细胞（regulatory T cell,Treg）等的差异性浸润,这种免疫异质性与临床表现及疾病严重程度密切相关。因此,未来通过对CD4⁺ T细胞浸润特征进行精准免疫分型,有望为OLP的个体化治疗提供新的理论依据。

关键词: 口腔扁平苔藓, 辅助性T细胞, 细胞毒性T细胞, 适应性免疫, 免疫异质性

Abstract: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic T cell-mediated autoimmune disorder of the oral mucosa. This review delineates the immunopathological mechanisms underlying OLP, focusing on the core pathway that progresses from an imbalance in CD4⁺ T-cell subsets to CD8⁺ T-cell-mediated tissue injury, a process further corroborated by pharmacological evidence. Studies have revealed heterogeneous infiltration patterns of CD4⁺ T-cell subsets (e.g., Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg) within the lesions of OLP patients, which closely correlate with clinical presentation and disease severity. Consequently, precise immunophenotyping of CD4⁺ T-cell infiltration holds promise for informing future individualized therapeutic strategies for OLP.

Key words: oral lichen planus, helper t cells, cytotoxic t cells, adaptive immunity, immune heterogeneity

孙齐瞻, 王宇峰. 口腔扁平苔藓中的T细胞免疫病理异质性研究现状[J]. 中国口腔医学继续教育杂志, 2025, 28(6): 384-392.

Qizhan Sun, Yufeng Wang. Research Status on T-cell Phenotypes and Immunopathological Heterogeneity in Oral Lichen Planus[J]. Chinese Journal of Stomatological Continuing Education, 2025, 28(6): 384-392.

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口腔扁平苔藓中的T细胞免疫病理异质性研究现状

Research Status on T-cell Phenotypes and Immunopathological Heterogeneity in Oral Lichen Planus

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