Chinese Journal of Stomatological Continuing Education

Investigation and Analysis on the Clinical Application and Awareness of Dental Amalgam in China

Xuenan Liu, Yan Si, Min Hou, Baolin Fan, Guangyan Yu, Chuanbin Guo, Lin Yue

2026, 29(1): 1-10. DOI: 10.12337/zgkqjxjyzz.2026.01.001

Abstract ( 21 )

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Objective: This study aims to investigate the current application status of dental amalgam in dental healthcare instituions in China, to provide a basis for the Chinese government to fulfill its obligations and formulate policies. Methods: A cross-sectional study was adopted to conduct a questionnaire survey among Chinese dentists, dental institutions and manufacturing enterprises on clinical application, dentists’ attitudes, departmental supervision, production and sales, etc. Quantitative description was calculated by mean and standard deviation, qualitative description was calculated by the number of cases and percentages, and chi-square test was used for categorical data, with P<0.05. Results: Only 8.4% of the institutions and 6.1% of dentists still used dental amalgam. The main users were secondary general hospitals with dental departments and dental clinics (P<0.001). 44.3% of dentists indicated that they were aware of the Minamata Convention on Mercury. The proportion in public institutions was higher than that in private institutions (P<0.001), and the proportion in secondary and above dental specialized hospitals/dental prevention institutions was higher than other types of hospital institutions (P<0.001). The proportion of dentists who agreed with that dental amalgam “should be completely banned ‘or’ can be used with restrictions” were 42.0% and 55.2% respectively. 31.6% of the institutions indicated that they had been subject to mercury-related supervision by relevant departments. The average annual production, domestic sales volume and export sales volume of capsule-type silver amalgam all decreased from 2018 to 2022. Conclusions: China has achieved significant results in fulfilling the Minamata Convention on Mercury. Multiple measures should be continuously taken to reduce and eventually eliminate dental amalgam.

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Exploration of the Integration Path of Ideological and Political Education in Stomatology Clinical Practice Teaching

Xiaoqiang Liu, Mian Wang, Longwei Lv, Yunsong Liu, Xin Peng, Yongsheng Zhou

2026, 29(1): 11-17. DOI: 10.12337/zgkqjxjyzz.2026.01.002

Abstract ( 23 )

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Clinical practice teaching of stomatology is characterized by strong practicality, close doctor-patient interaction, and rapid technological updates, which place higher demands on the ideological and political education in clinical practice courses. In response to challenges such as insufficient exploration of ideological elements, low integration with professional practice, and monotonous teaching methods in clinical practice teaching, Peking University School of Stomatology has established a ‘Value-Practice-Innovation’ three-dimensional education system. In the value dimension, a collaborative education system guided by ideological values is constructed; in the practice dimension, the integration of skill improvement and character development is achieved; and, in the innovation dimension, the ideological and political education system is enhanced to stimulate innovative thinking. By exploring differentiated paths and innovating teaching platforms, the system has improved students’ professional qualities and patriotic sentiment. This system provides a replicable implementation path for ideological and political education in not only stomatology but also general clinical practice teaching.

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Exploration of Ideological and Political Education Practice in Undergraduate Courses of Orthodontics: Integration of Diverse Teaching Methods with Ideological Education under the Guidance of Ideological Leadership

Senxin Cai, Chuanhan Liu, Zhongfei Chen, Qiyue Huang, Beibei Wu, Linyu Xu

2026, 29(1): 18-24. DOI: 10.12337/zgkqjxjyzz.2026.01.003

Abstract ( 22 )

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The growing societal demand for orthodontic treatment, together with the widespread misleading promotions driven by economic interests, highlights the critical importance of medical ethics education in undergraduate orthodontic training. Based on the current status and existing challenges of ideological and political education in orthodontics, this study implemented an innovative educational philosophy of ‘integration of diverse teaching methods with ideological education under the guidance of ideological leadership’. It integrated ideological and political education with course objectives, content, teaching formats, and extracurricular activities. The teaching reform has yielded positive results: the final theoretical and overall scores of the 2019 undergraduate class(post-reform) in stomatology were higher than those of the 2018 class (pre-reform). A questionnaire survey showed that 91.74%(100/109) of students were generally satisfied with the ideological and political teaching reform in the orthodontic course. This teaching approach is worth promoting to other medical universities.

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Retrospective Study of Intentional Tooth Replantation for the Treatment of Refractory Periapical Periodontitis in Molars

Chang Liu, Wei Yong, Xiaoyi Zhao, Wei Qi, Wei Zhou, Wenhao Zhu

2026, 29(1): 25-34. DOI: 10.12337/zgkqjxjyzz.2026.01.004

Abstract ( 30 )

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Objective: To retrospectively analyze the clinical efficacy of intentional tooth replantation in the treatment of refractory periapical periodontitis of molars, and to provide evidence for the preservation therapy of such affected teeth. Methods: Molar cases that underwent intentional tooth replantation in the General Dentistry Department of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology between 2012 and 2024 were selected. The procedure involved minimally traumatic extraction, microscopic assessment of the apical region, resection of the apical 3 mm, retrograde cavity preparation, and retrofilling, followed by replantation into the original socket and stabilization. Regular clinical follow-ups and X-ray examinations were performed postoperatively to evaluate the healing of periapical lesions and the pattern of periodontal ligament healing, and the tooth survival rate at 12 months after surgery was calculated. Results: A total of 18 cases were included, with a follow-up period ranging from 12 to 77 months. The tooth survival rate at 12 months postoperatively was 88.9%(16/18). Success rate was 61.1%(11/18) (asymptomatic with complete periapical lesion healing shown radiographically), while 27.8%(5/18) of cases exhibited no clinical symptoms with lesion size reduction. All periodontal healing patterns were periodontal ligament healing without ankylosis. 2 affected teeth were extracted due to furcation perforation or severe external root infection. Conclusions: Based on the concept of modern microscopic periapical surgery, intentional tooth replantation with strictly standardized operational procedures can serve as an effective supplementary method for the preservation therapy of teeth with periapical lesions.

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Orthodontic-Orthognathic-Prosthodontic-Plastic Multidisciplinary Diagnosis and Treatment of a Patient with Unilateral Complete Cleft Lip and Palate

Jie Zheng, Chuanqi Qin, Cui Huang, Chunxiao Jin, Hong He

2026, 29(1): 35-53. DOI: 10.12337/zgkqjxjyzz.2026.01.005

Abstract ( 28 )

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Objective: To report the clinical effect of multidisciplinary combined treatment on secondary deformities after repair of adult unilateral complete cleft lip and palate. Diagnosis and Treatment: An 18-year-old male patient with congenital left complete cleft lip and palate had previously undergone cleft lip repair, cleft palate repair, and alveolar cleft repair. He was diagnosed with skeletal Class III malocclusion, facial asymmetry, nasolabial deformity, and dentition defect. The multidisciplinary treatment plan included preoperative orthodontic decompensation, orthognathic surgery (maxillary Le Fort I osteotomy with segmentation and bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy of the mandible), secondary nasolabial reconstruction, and postoperative orthodontic refinement and aesthetic restoration. Results: After treatment, the patient achieved symmetric dental arches, good occlusal relationship, coordinated jaw position, and improved nasolabial aesthetics. Conclusions: Multidisciplinary collaboration is the core strategy for sequential therapy of cleft lip and palate. Orthodontic treatment serves as a link to ensure the coherence of the treatment process. This combined plan effectively corrects maxillofacial deformities, enhances orofacial function and aesthetics, and has clinical guiding significance.

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Orthodontic-Surgical Combined Treatment for a Patient with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: A Case Report

Yiping Huang, Lanrui Luo, Hongping Zhu, Weiran Li

2026, 29(1): 54-68. DOI: 10.12337/zgkqjxjyzz.2026.01.006

Abstract ( 16 )

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Objective: To describe the multidisciplinary management of malocclusion in a patient with left unilateral cleft lip and palate. Diagnosis and Treatment: Following comprehensive diagnosis, a sequential multidisciplinary treatment protocol was established. The treatment consisted of presurgical orthodontics in preparation for alveolar bone graft, alveolar bone graft, postsurgical orthodontic treatment, and nasolabial deformity correction. Prior to bone graft, orthodontic therapy was initiated to align the teeth adjacent to the cleft, adjust the cleft width and extract 22, thereby optimizing surgical conditions. After successful bone graft, teeth 15, 35, and 45 were extracted. Subsequent orthodontic treatment focused on establishing appropriate anterior overjet and overbite as well as stable posterior occlusal relationships. Nasolabial deformity repair was performed concurrently. Results: At the completion of treatment, the nasolabial appearance was markedly improved. A stable occlusion was achieved, characterized by normal anterior overjet and overbite and bilateral Class I molar relationships. Conclusions: In patients presenting with secondary deformities following cleft lip and palate repair, orthodontic-surgical multidisciplinary approach can effectively improve facial esthetics and achieve functional, stable occlusal outcomes.

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Combined Orthodontic and Joint Treatment for Mandibular Deviation Caused by Unilateral Condylar Hyperplasia: A Case Report

Yaxin Wu, Haosen Li, Lin Pan, Xiangyao Wang, Jing Mao, Shiqiang Gong

2026, 29(1): 69-80. DOI: 10.12337/zgkqjxjyzz.2026.01.007

Abstract ( 22 )

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Objective: To report the combined orthodontic and joint treatment of a patient with skeletal mandibular deviation caused by active unilateral condylar hyperplasia(UCH). Diagnosis and Treatment: A 20-year-old female presented with right UCH and mandibular deviation; her right mandibular ramus was approximately 11 mm longer than the left. A ‘joint surgery-preceded’ approach was implemented, starting with a right proportional condylectomy to block excessive growth and correct vertical skeletal asymmetry. This was immediately followed by fixed orthodontics and temporary anchorage devices (TADs) for occlusal and midline adjustments. Results: After a 29-month treatment duration, facial asymmetry was significantly improved, midlines were aligned, and a Class I relationship with normal overbite and overjet was established. The temporomandibular joint functioned well without clicking or pain. Conclusions: Proportional condylectomy combined with a ‘surgery-first’ orthodontic strategy effectively halts deformity progression, avoids the presurgical decompensation process, and simultaneously restores facial aesthetics, occlusal function, and joint health.

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